Influence of Surface Processes on Strain Localization and Seismic Activity in the Longmen Shan Fold‐and‐Thrust Belt: Insights From Discrete‐Element Modeling

Abstract We investigated interactions between structural deformation and surface processes in the Longmen Shan fold‐and‐thrust belt adjacent western Sichuan foreland basin (WSFB) eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau. The discrete‐element modeling (DEM) method was used to study influences various mechanical properties detachments syn‐tectonic erosion/deposition on evolution WSFB. DEM simulations demonstrated two stages during Late Cenozoic profoundly influenced thrusting sequences strain localization hinterland portions Shan. Models indicate that lacking propagate a forward‐breaking manner, whereas those with develop following an out‐of‐sequence pattern. infer large‐scale erosion propagation from Basin westward Plateau since caused reach subcritical wedge state. Tectonic activity retreats edge Plateau, enhancing rapid uplift inhibiting substantial shortening basin. thrust slides stably along shallow detachment, causing initiation growth Longquan fault leading front. These results explain why both belts are currently state simultaneous seismic activity. Our findings offer important implications regarding potentials other interact dynamic processes.